임신 중 성교할 때 감염될 수 있는 성병, Sexually transmitted diseases during pregnancy,임질 (Gonorrhea), 매독 (Syphilis). 헐퍼스 바이러스성 외음부염 및 질염 (Herpes Vulvovaginitis), B형 간염 (Hepatitis B), 에이즈 (AIDS)
헐퍼스 바이러스성 외음부염 및 질염 (Herpes Vulvovaginitis)
Copyright ⓒ 2014 John Sangwon Lee, MD., FAAP
Sexually transmitted diseases during pregnancy 임신 중 성교할 때 감염될 수 있는 성병
- Infectious diseases that can be transmitted through sexual intercourse are called infectious sexually transmitted diseases (Sexually transmitted diseases), or VD/Venereal Diseases.
- Gonorrhea, syphilis, herpes viral vulvovaginitis, hepatitis B, AIDS, lice, scabies, hypochondrium, chlamydia urethritis or vaginitis are considered contagious sexually transmitted diseases.
- When pregnant women get gonorrhea, syphilis, hepatitis B, or AIDS, the fetus can also be infected with the pathogen that caused the sexually transmitted disease. Also, babies born to pregnant woman can get STD.
- Each infectious sexually transmitted disease that pregnant women can get will be described in detail below.
- And for more information, see “Parents should also be anti-doctors-Chapter 7 Infectious Diseases”.
Gonorrhea
- An infectious disease caused by gonorrhea is called gonorrhea. If the internal and external genital organs of a non-pregnant woman or pregnant woman are infected with gonorrhea, gonorrhea can occur, such as gonorrhea, and gonorrhea can be transmitted to other parts of the body, resulting in various types of systemic gonorrhea, arthritis, sepsis, etc. have. When a woman has gonorrhea vaginitis or urethritis, a thick, foul-smelling vaginal secretion is produced, and when urinating, the urethra and the vulva can become tingling, sore, burning, and painful.
- When the gonorrhea bacteria that caused gonorrhea or vaginitis spreads through the bloodstream to the heart, they can get gonorrhea and can spread to the joints and get gonorrhea arthritis. In addition, gonorrhea can spread throughout the body of a pregnant woman and can lead to gonorrhea sepsis
- If you have gonococcal carditis, gonorrhea sepsis, gonorrhea arthritis, etc., high fever, severe joint pain, or skin rash may occur.
- When gonorrhea infects a fetus, it can lead to a dangerous gonorrhea infection that can be life-threatening to the fetus. When a pregnant woman contracts gonorrhea, the gonorrhea that caused vaginitis during labor when the gonorrhea is not properly treated or at all can be infected with the newborn’s eyes, resulting in neonatal gonococcal conjunctivitis and blepharitis. Also, if gonorrhea is not properly treated, blindness can result.
- For this reason, one type of eye drops among erythromycin eye ointment, teramycin eye ointment, or silver nitrate eye drops are usually put into the eyes of newborn babies to prevent gonorrhea blepharitis in newborn babies. In addition, even if there are no symptoms of gonorrhea when receiving regular pregnancy checkups during pregnancy, gonorrhea bacterial culture tests are sometimes performed to determine if a pregnant woman has gonorrhea.
- If you have gonorrhea during pregnancy, gonorrhea should be diagnosed and treated early so that gonorrhea causing gonorrhea is not spread to other parts of the pregnant woman’s body or to the fetus. (See gonorrhea)
Syphilis
- An infectious disease caused by a syphilis infection is called syphilis. Syphilis infection
- in a pregnant woman, fetus, or newborn can lead to syphilis in the pregnant woman, fetus, or newborn. If the fetus is infected with syphilis during the first three months of pregnancy (the first trimester of pregnancy), the fetus may be miscarried or prematurely born. Or, if the baby is born infected with syphilis, the baby will develop congenital syphilis.
- When a pregnant woman has syphilis, the symptoms vary. Even if a pregnant woman has syphilis, they can live without knowing if she has syphilis.
- For this reason, these days, syphilis serum tests are routinely performed during pregnancy to see if a pregnant woman has syphilis. Syphilis is classified as congenital, acquired, fetal, and adult syphilis.
- Also, according to the degree of syphilis, it is classified into early, second-stage, and chronic syphilis.
- Symptoms of syphilis vary depending on the type of syphilis. Typical symptoms of syphilis include: During sexual intercourse, the symptoms of syphilis begin to appear after an incubation period of 10 to 90 days after the syphilis bacteria infect the vulva. Slightly hard, reddish ulcers can develop on the external genitalia of men or women. At first glance, the ulcer caused by syphilis seems to hurt a lot, but it doesn’t hurt that much even if you touch it with your hand or press it.
- When this type of syphilis ulcer develops during the external genitalia, the syphilis is called early syphilis.
- Syphilitic ulcers can occur on the external genitalia, in the mouth or elsewhere in the body.
- An ulcer caused by early syphilis in the external genitalia is called Gyeongseonghagam. Hypotension caused by early syphilis disappears spontaneously after a while, whether properly treated or not treated.
- Sometime after the initial symptoms of syphilis disappear, it progresses to stage 2 syphilis.
- Syphilitic skin rash is one of the symptoms of stage 2 syphilis. Syphilitic skin rashes, whether properly treated or not, disappear spontaneously after a few weeks of appearance.
- If stage 2 syphilis is properly treated with drugs, the skin rash will disappear and syphilis will also be cured.
- However, if a pregnant woman with syphilis is not properly treated, the syphilis bacteria continue to spread throughout the pregnant woman and spread to the fetus. At this time, lymph nodes in the groin, vulva, and other parts of the body become swollen and enlarged.
- For this reason, if you experience hard ulcers, skin rashes, or enlarged lymph nodes on any part of your body during pregnancy, you should contact your doctor right away. Even if syphilis is not properly treated with antibiotics, hypochondrium, lymphadenitis, flat condyloma (condyloma lata), and skin rash caused by syphilis naturally disappear after a while.
- However, if syphilis is not properly treated, syphilis bacteria continue to spread throughout the body.
- As such, once infected with syphilis bacteria, the syphilis bacteria do not completely disappear from the body, but spread throughout the body, causing various symptoms of syphilis, and eventually proceeds to chronic syphilis.
- If a pregnant woman has syphilis, special care should be taken to properly treat syphilis so that the syphilis bacteria do not spread to the fetus. (See syphilis)
Herpes viral vulvitis and vaginitis (Herpes Volvovaginitis)
- If the vulva is infected with the herpes virus (herpes virus) during pregnancy, Hulpus viral vulvitis and or vaginitis can occur.
- Typical symptoms of vulvar vaginitis and vulvovaginitis are as follows: The affected area is sore and painful, but sometimes there are no symptoms.
- Herpes viral ulcers or blisters on the vulva or vagina are reddish.
- Most of the herpes viral vulvitis and vaginitis can heal naturally without special treatment. However, when a pregnant woman with herpes viral vaginitis or vulvitis is delivered, the herpes virus, which causes vaginitis or vulvitis, can be transmitted to the fetus or newborn.
- If an unborn baby or newborn is infected with the virus, it can lead to encephalitis or dermatitis. For this reason, if a pregnant woman suffers from herpes viral vaginitis or vulvitis, it should be treated as soon as possible. In general, Hulpus viral vaginosis is highly recurrent.
- This disease can be treated with Acyclovir or the like according to the doctor’s prescription. See Herpes Viral Vaginitis
Hepatitis B
- Hepatitis caused by the liver being transmitted to the hepatitis B virus is called hepatitis B.
- In general, hepatitis B is not regarded as a sexually transmitted disease, but hepatitis B can be treated as a sexually transmitted disease because hepatitis B virus can be transmitted during sexual intercourse and hepatitis B infection can occur. Hepatitis B virus can infect fetuses or newborn babies from pregnant women who have hepatitis B during pregnancy or who do not have hepatitis B but carry the hepatitis B virus. A fetus infected with the hepatitis B virus may continue to develop hepatitis B after birth. When receiving regular pregnancy checkups, hepatitis B virus antigens and antibodies should be tested to see if the pregnant woman has hepatitis B or carries the hepatitis B virus.
- Hepatitis B vaccine and hepatitis B immunoglobulin injections should be used to prevent hepatitis B in newborns born to pregnant women who carry hepatitis B virus or are suffering from hepatitis B.
- See Hepatitis B
AIDS
In general, AIDS is not treated as a sexually transmitted disease, but the AIDS virus is transmitted through sexual intercourse with a person who has the AIDS virus (Human Immunodeficiency Virus, HIV) or who has AIDS, or when using drugs contaminated with the AIDS virus
You can get AIDS. Babies born to pregnant women who have AIDS or who have no symptoms of AIDS but carry the AIDS virus can be infected with the AIDS virus. With the development of modern medicine, there are drugs that can alleviate the symptoms of AIDS these days, but there are still no special drugs that can cure AIDS.
Any pregnant woman can get AIDS, but pregnant women who use addictive drugs or drugs are more likely to get AIDS. It’s a good idea to test for an AIDS virus antigen and antibodies to see if you have AIDS during pregnancy.
See AIDS (Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection) Any other type of sexually transmitted disease
Protozoa that causes trichomonas vaginitis
Candida fungi that cause Candida vaginitis There are many more types of sexually transmitted diseases in addition to the infectious sexually transmitted diseases described above.
Trichomonas vaginitis,
chlamydia vaginitis,
and Candida vaginitis can also be considered contagious sexually transmitted disease. This type of infectious disease can be transmitted during sexual intercourse, or it can be transmitted by means other than sexual intercourse.
Newborn babies, as well as pregnant women, can get this kind of infectious disease.
During pregnancy, when vaginitis occurs due to trichomonas, classical media, candida, etc., the vulva is burning, painful, itchy, and vaginal discharge.
If you suspect you have an infectious sexually transmitted disease during pregnancy, you should seek medical attention and treatment as soon as possible.
And when a pregnant woman has an infectious sexually transmitted disease, not only the pregnant woman but also the sexual partner must be treated at the same time. See also Trichomonas vulvovaginitis, Chlamydia trachomatis vaginitis, Herpes viral vaginitis, etc. Copyright ⓒ 2014 John Sangwon Lee, MD., FAAP
출처 및 참조 문헌
- Red Book 2021-2024, 32 Edtion, AAP
- Congenital Syphilis cases Increase due to missed opportunities to treat pregnant women. AAP News 1/2021
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